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Understanding type 2 diabetes
What type 2 diabetes is, why it matters and the numbers to know.
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What is type 2 diabetes?
In type 2 diabetes the body does not respond well to insulin, or does not make enough of it. Insulin moves glucose (sugar) from the blood into the body’s cells. When it does not work well, glucose builds up in the blood.
Why it matters
Over years, high blood sugar can damage the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. Keeping blood sugar, blood pressure and cholesterol close to your targets greatly lowers these risks.
The numbers to know
- HbA1c shows your average blood sugar over about three months. Many adults aim for around 7% (53 mmol/mol), but your target is personal: ask your care team.
- Blood pressure and cholesterol matter as much as blood sugar for protecting your heart.
- Home glucose readings are useful if you take insulin or medicines that can cause low blood sugar.
What helps
- Taking your medicines as prescribed
- Eating well and moving more
- Good sleep and less stress
- Not smoking
- Regular check-ups for eyes, feet and kidneys
Next in “New to type 2 diabetes” · step 2 of 7Eating well and moving more
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DAQIQ Living gives general information, not medical advice. Always follow the plan agreed with your own care team. In an emergency call 999.